History of Mandarin Chinese

History of Mandarin Chinese Mandarin Chinese is the official language of Mainland China and Taiwan, and its one of the official dialects of Singapore and the United Nations. It is the most broadly communicated in language on the planet. Tongues Mandarin Chinese is at times alluded to as a â€Å"dialect,† however the qualification among lingos and dialects isn't in every case clear. There are a wide range of variants of Chinese spoken all through China, and these are typically delegated dialects.â There are other Chinese tongues, for example, Cantonese, which is spoken in Hong Kong, that are unmistakable from Mandarin. Notwithstanding, a large number of these vernaculars utilize Chinese characters for their composed structure, with the goal that Mandarin speakers and Cantonese speakers (for instance) can see each other through composition, despite the fact that the communicated in dialects are commonly confused. Language Family and Groups Mandarin is a piece of the Chinese group of dialects, which thusly is a piece of the Sino-Tibetan language gathering. Every single Chinese language are apparent, which implies that the manner in which words are articulated changes their implications. Mandarin has ​four tones. Other Chinese dialects have up to ten particular tones. The word â€Å"Mandarin† really has two implications when alluding to language. It very well may be utilized to allude to a specific gathering of dialects, or all the more ordinarily, as the Beijing lingo that is the standard language of territory China. The Mandarin gathering of dialects incorporates standard Mandarin (the official language of territory China), just as Jin (or Jin-yu), a language verbally expressed in the focal north locale of China and inward Mongolia. Neighborhood Names for Mandarin The name â€Å"Mandarin† was first utilized by the Portuguese to allude to the judges of the Imperial Chinese court and the language they talked. Mandarin is the term utilized through a significant part of the Western world, yet the Chinese themselves allude to the language as æ™ ®Ã©â‚¬Å¡Ã¨ ¯  (pç tÃ¥ ng hu), å› ½Ã¨ ¯ ­ (guã ³ yç), or è  ¯Ã¨ ¯ ­ (hu yç). æ™ ®Ã©â‚¬Å¡Ã¨ ¯  (pç tÃ¥ ng hu) truly implies â€Å"common language† and is the term utilized in territory China. Taiwan utilizes å› ½Ã¨ ¯ ­ (guã ³ yç) which means national language, and Singapore and Malaysia allude to it as è  ¯Ã¨ ¯ ­ (hu yç) which implies Chinese language. How Mandarin Became Chinas Official Language Because of its monstrous geographic size, China has consistently been a place where there is numerous dialects and tongues. Mandarin developed as the language of the decision class during the last piece of the Ming Dynasty (1368â€1644). The capital of China changed from Nanjing to Beijing in the last piece of the Ming Dynasty and stayed in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty (1644â€1912). Since Mandarin depends on the Beijing vernacular, it normally turned into the official language of the court. Regardless, the huge inundation of authorities from different pieces of China implied that numerous vernaculars kept on being spoken at the Chinese court. It was not until 1909 that Mandarin turned into the national language of China, å› ½Ã¨ ¯ ­ ( guã ³ yç). At the point when the Qing Dynasty fell in 1912, the Republic of China kept up Mandarin as the official language. It was renamed æ™ ®Ã©â‚¬Å¡Ã¨ ¯  (pç tÃ¥ ng hu) in 1955, however Taiwan keeps on utilizing the name å› ½Ã¨ ¯ ­ (guã ³ yç). Composed Chinese As one of the Chinese dialects, Mandarin utilizes Chinese characters for its composing framework. Chinese characters have a history going back in excess of 2,000 years. The early types of Chinese characters were pictographs (realistic portrayals of genuine items), yet characters turned out to be progressively adapted and came to speak to thoughts just as articles. Every Chinese character speaks to a syllable of the communicated in language. Characters speak to words, however only one out of every odd character is utilized autonomously. The Chinese composing framework is unpredictable and the most troublesome piece of learning Mandarin. There are a huge number of characters, and they should be retained and polished to ace the composed language. While trying to improve proficiency, the Chinese government started disentangling characters during the 1950s. These disentangled characters are utilized in territory China, Singapore, and Malaysia, while Taiwan and Hong Kong still utilize the customary characters. Romanization Understudies of Mandarinâ outside of Chinese-talking nations frequently use Romanization instead of Chinese characters when first learning the language. Romanization utilizes the Western (Roman) letters in order to speak to the hints of communicated in Mandarin, so it is an extension between learning the communicated in language and starting the investigation of Chinese characters. There are numerous frameworks of Romanization, yet the most well known for encouraging materials is Pinyin.

Citing a Chapter from an Edited Book in Oxford Referencing

Refering to a Chapter from an Edited Book in Oxford Referencing Refering to a Chapter from an Edited Book in Oxford Referencing At the point when scholastics contribute a solitary section to a bigger volume, you may end up expecting to refer to simply part of a book. And keeping in mind that this resembles refering to a full book, it differs in a couple of ways. Let’s take a gander, at how to refer to a part from an altered book with Oxford referencing. In-Text Citations for a Chapter from an Edited Book All forms of Oxford referencing utilize a commentary and book reference framework. In that capacity, we show references with superscript numbers in the primary content: References normally show up after definite accentuation in a sentence.1 In the going with reference, you at that point need to give the accompanying data for the part of the book you are refering to: n. Part Author’s Initial(s) and Surname, â€Å"Chapter Title,† in Editor’s Initial(s) and Surname (ed.), Book Title, spot of distribution, distributer, year, page number(s). By and by, at that point, a commentary reference for a section from an altered book would look something like this: 1. M. L. Rosenzweig, â€Å"Do Animals Choose Habitats?,† in M. Berkoff and D. Jamieson (eds.), Readings in Animal Cognition, Cambridge, Bradford Books, 1999, p. 189. The page numbers here ought to demonstrate the particular segment you’re refering to. You will at that point give the total page extend for the section in your book reference. For rehash references to a solitary part from a book, in the interim, you can utilize a shorter reference position. This normally includes either: Giving only the author’s family name and another page number. Utilizing the Latin shortened forms â€Å"ibid.,† â€Å"op. cit.,† and â€Å"loc. cit.† Check your style direct for more data on which way to deal with use. Sections from Edited Books in an Oxford Bibliography In your catalog, you should list all refered to sources one after another in order by creator family name with full distribution data. For a part from an altered book, this incorporates: Writer Surname, Initial(s)., â€Å"Chapter Title,† in Editor’s Initial(s) and Surname (ed.), Book Title, spot of distribution, distributer, year, complete page extend. As should be obvious, this is like the principal commentary reference design. The key contrasts in the book index are that you give: The author’s last name first, trailed by initials The page run for the whole section, not a pinpoint reference Practically speaking, at that point, we would list the section refered to above as follows: Rosenzweig, M. L., â€Å"Do Animals Choose Habitats?,† in M. Berkoff and D. Jamieson (eds.), Readings in Animal Cognition, Cambridge, Bradford Books, 1999, pp. 185â€199. A Note on Oxford Referencing This guide sets out the nuts and bolts of how to refer to a part from an altered book utilizing Oxford referencing. In any case, this framework can vary between organizations. All things considered, you ought to consistently check your style manage for exhortation on the most proficient method to introduce references in composed work for your course. On the off chance that you don’t have a style direct accessible or it doesn’t spread a specific issue, simply focus on clearness and consistency. What's more, on the off chance that you need anybody to check the referencing in a report, we’re glad to help.

Drug and Alcohol Essay -- Drugs, North West of England

The motivation behind this article will be to examine and concentrate on the connection between medication, liquor and medical problems and reference made toward the North West of England. Liverpool and the Wirral peninsular will be taken a gander at as to the wellbeing and social repercussions and the suggestions medication and liquor use has on the nearby networks. A more extensive gander at the United Kingdom and the United States of America alongside different pieces of the world will likewise be utilized to give a correlation. This exposition will begin by taking a gander, at the historical backdrop of medication and liquor use and afterward proceed onward to the issues brought about by their utilization. The article will at that point show how nature and culture have a major influence in the ascent of illicit medication and liquor use to date alongside the association with crime percentages. The article will proceed onward to show how the district has come to address these issu es and how coordinated effort between individuals from the network and local officials, police and nearby specialists, and National Health Services cooperate to give positive results. The paper will likewise show how individuals from the open structure amazing gatherings that campaign governments and impact enactment. Because of late enactment and proposed social consideration changes, it will be important to take a gander at how these could influence the present assets and how they could influence future needs. Where fitting the exposition will utilize interviews with individuals from general society, N.H.S staff and administration clients to give profundity and knowledge into parts of the conversation. The task will end with a summarizing and end to the article. The historical backdrop of medication and liquor use can be followed back numerous years, Hanson (1995) Informs us that the revelation of Stone Age lager containers built up that liquor use e... ...ime rates and crime rises in these zones yet there are loads of factors adding to these elements. The exposition saw specific pieces of the North West of the UK and it was considered that to be an immediate consequence of rising joblessness and neighborhood neediness the expansion in medication and liquor use raised to pestilence extents with social avoidance following. At that specific time drugs were promptly accessible and specialists seemed frail to stop it. The exposition proceeded onward to various records from different creators, some for the authorization of medications others proposing more enactment. As a rule the two sides gave substantial contentions to the conversation. In responding to the paper question it was felt by the understudy that medication and liquor issues are fit for change, be that as it may, there are many contributing elements that should be set up before this occurs.

Definitions of Process and Procedure Essay Samples

Definitions of Process and Procedure Essay Samples Another rule may be never misrepresenting oneself for individual gain. For instance, you take a telephone call however, you can't recognize the voice immediately. From that point, create the precise steps someone will take to finish the job. An instruction gives you detailed directions on the best way to execute a job. You may also access a wide selection of templates that will satisfy all the departments in your business. There are a lot of agencies and institutes that provide such courses. Our sop templates are simple to customize and you may use them to ease your work. Identify a task you presently have in your enterprise. Get the Scoop on Process and Procedure Essay Samples Before You're Too Late Each one also has an advertising program and executive summary template. You've been told that your upcoming career prospects depend on boosting your communication abilities. Many senior finance executives are too centered on the details, the procedure and procedures. Please remember that it isn't a financial institution's responsibility to make sure all posts and questions are answered. Process and procedure paper is a sort of paper that demonstrates the practice of writer's coming to the conclusions on the subject available. Writing any sort of essay requires a great deal from students. Furthermore, the author should have in-depth understanding of the issue under consideration. If you're in need of an essay or any sort of paper, don't hesitate to get in touch with us for we have a group of professional academic writers, that are prepared to realize all your requirements. Dr Wych and his group of specialists will help you through the procedure, procedure and explain all the advantages of having a dental crown. After you are finished with publishing you're able to let everyone in your business or organization know you've completed your procedure template. An organization or a corporation will wind up saving time, they'll also be supplied with a chance to learn from experts and the business will have the ability to meet many standards in a timely way. Each task within the general procedure is listed. By deciding to create an SOP template, you will have the ability to standardize your procedures, be in a position to begin quickly and you'll also be in a position of supplying fast and simple to comprehend answers to some frequent SOP questions or queries. Developing a manual from nothing takes a significant time investment, and you're likely going to miss some tasks the very first time through. Purpose statements often deal with intention of a document not the intention behind the task that the sequence of tasks is meant to deliver. Process mapping gives you the ability to model business improvement in your organisation in a simple, efficient way. The map is the process laying out how you'll get the goal or finish the undertaking. In any software development process, a customer's communication with the development team is important in making a way to solve the product requirements. At the core of the company excellence model there's a strong beat created by the emphasis on process administration. The revenue procedure starts when sales takes a purchase. As a way to scale, every company should create systems. Definitions of Process and Procedure Essay Samples You're able to then further determine if you will need to document that procedure or not to guarantee consistent outcomes. A procedure describes what's completed, but doesn't get to the specifics of the way that it is completed. It is a specified way to carry out an activity. It is a great tool for retaining and recording important information. The trick to distinguishing between procedures and instructions is to take a look at their degree of detail. The work instructions are primarily focused on explaining how a particular activity will be carried out, and they're mandatory. It is possible to arrange information in order that is comfortable for you. When you have selected all the options, click Save to Cart and finish your purchase, to get your PCBs within day or two.

The Un At The End Of The Cold War Opportunity Missed

Part II - The UN at the End of the Cold War: Opportunity Missed The end of the Cold War heightened optimism at the United Nations about the prospect of creating a new international order with the UN at its core. The idea came even prior to that. During the 1980s. The USSR was economically enfeebled and could not afford a new arms race against the West. This led to Gorbachev’s â€Å"new thinking†, which was to reform the basis of the communist economies and gain accommodation with the West. By partially accepting Western values, the Soviet leaders tried to seek new allies among the rich Western states so as to restore the rapidly deteriorating economy (Forsberg, 1999). In the 1988, Gorbachev addressed the General Assembly that the UN should now†¦show more content†¦However, by hindsight, the Cold War bipolar equilibrium of power only yielded to a new world order, not based on the United Nations, but rather on American hegemony. There were several reasons causing the missed opportunity. First and foremost, the Soviet Union, on the edge of disintegration, was too weak to take the lead on such large-scale reforms (Johnson, 1999). Gorbachev himself fell from power in 1991, together with the collapse of the USSR. Soon after its appearance, the â€Å"new thinking† reforms no longer had a leader or lead-state and therefore withered and failed. Besides, the Western bloc generally perceived Gorbachev’s intention as suspicious (Larson, 1997). The trust between the two leading blocs had decomposed for decades and were not able to be repaired within a short period of time. Last but not least, when the Cold War was about to end, the United States became the world s preeminent military and economic power. Washington met this opportunity with remarkable short-sightedness. There were few short-term, tangible benefits for it to give up the political primacy to accommodate other states in a better system on a global basis (Johnson, 1999). Additionally, public opinion mattered. Many Americans, at that time, wanted Washington to chase its own interests without the necessity to collaborate with anyone, especially the United Nations. Thereafter, the US began withholding one percentage of its dues to pressure the UN in the mid-1980s (O’Sullivan, 2015).

Case Analysis Tyco Kozlowski - 892 Words

1. The down fall of Tyco’s CEO Kozlowski come when he tried to cheat the government of nearly 1 million dollars in sales tax on a large art purchase. He did this by faking the shipping address of the paintings and mailing empty boxes to a state with no sales tax. In reality he just sent the painting to his New York apartment. In 2002 a Manhattan attorney accused Kozlowski of doing so which lead to a much deeper case into Tyco and their CEO. He was then accused of stealing millions from the company by borrowing it from their loan program and giving himself unauthorized bonuses. He went on trial twice where he was sentenced 8 to 25 years in prison and millions in restitution. 2. Kozlowski justified his actions and wrong doing by blaming it on the time. In 2001 when people began to lose money in the stock market due to different things such as WorldCom and Enron declaring bankruptcy people wanted someone to blame. Kozlowski believes that he became the one person that everyone pointed there finger at to blame. He still believes that he did nothing wrong, that he earned all of his bonuses and money. 3. Some of Kozlowski’s actions were black and white but on the other hand there were some actions in the grey areas. There is no doubting the fact that he illegally shipped his collection of paintings in order to avoid paying sales tax on the purchase. Then there are other actions that cannot be justified quite as easy. I do believe that Kozlowski cheated his company out ofShow MoreRelatedThe Third Ethical Issue Of Tyco Case1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe third ethical issue in Tyco case that relate to conflict of interest is accounting fraud. Accounting fraud can be described as any act or attempt to manipulate the financial statement for financial gain. It can be one of the legal issues in this case because it consists of fraud which is unlawful in written law. 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The company has also developed to become a major player in the several other markets including adhesives markets, disposableRead MoreTyco Scandal Essay9472 Words   |  38 PagesPart 1- Facts of the Case Prior to the Tyco scandal, the company was one of Americas largest conglomerates, with operating revenues of 38 billion dollars and 240,000 employees, worldwide. Tyco Laboratories began operations in 1960, performing experimental work for the U.S. government. The firm went public in 1964 and quickly expanded, mostly by acquisition, to exploit the commercial applications of its work. Dennis Kozlowski joined the company in 1975 as an assistant controller. 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Legal â€Å"Tyco International, founded by Edward Breen in 1960 is located in Princeton, New Jersey and employs 247, 900 employees† (Tyco, 2008). While the name Tyco is synonymous with success and growth, yet little is known of the legal challenges encountered when planning a new product or alteringRead MoreEssay on Examining a Business Failure - Tyco1003 Words   |  5 PagesExamining a Business Failure: Tyco International Ltd.  ® LDR 531 August 23, 2010 Examining a Business Failure: Tyco International Ltd.  ® Many have heard the proverb, â€Å"A chain is only as strong as its weakest link.† This can be directly applied to business organizations through analysis of the three strongest and/or weakest links: managers, leaders and the organizational structure. 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In many organizations, leadership does not demonstrate apposite self-regulation. We have all had an experience with supervisor who was a ‘screamer’. In an organization such as the military, many believe this type of personality is necessary. Unfortunately

Cellular Life Essay Example For Students

Cellular Life Essay In this paper I will show my knowledge of many different topics of CellularLife. I will explain the theory of biogenesis, cell theory, the history of bothand how they tie in together. I will also state the scientific method and why itis important to science. Abbi Spallonzani used Scientific method in hisbiogenesis experiment. Scientific method are some rules or principles used inresearch and experimentation. Objectivity is the attempt to observe things asthey are. Approach is using either inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning is using results of observations and experiments with moregeneral hypotheses and theories. Deductive reasoning is using the exact resultsof previous experiments. Deductive reasoning is used back in the mid 1800s whenLouis Pasteur was offered a prize if he could solve the theory if abiogenesiswas possible. Abiogenesis is the belief that living things can come fromnon-living things. Biogenesis is the belief that living things are given birthfrom other living things. He used previous experiments such as Francis Redi,John Needham, Abbi Spallonzani, and many others to devise a strategy. He madeswan neck flasks with large enough holes in them to let air in but nomicroorganisms. He boiled mutton broth and put it in the jars and the brothlasted over a year without spoiling. This proved that abiogenesis was wrong. Theorganisms and flies in previous experiments succeeded in attacking the broth butsince the swan neck jars kept them out this proves that nothing can grow from anon living object. The cell theory is a set of rules that are true of all livingthings. A cell can only be created by another cell. All living things have atleast one sell. Cells are the fundamental structure of all organisms.

Based On Your Reading This Week, How Has Your Impression Of

Based On Your Reading This Week, How Has Your Impression Of Based On Your Reading This Week, How Has Your Impression Of Informatics, Especially Nursing – Coursework Example Reflection on Nursing Informatics The continuous development of telecommunications and computer technology continues to offer the health sector opportunities that promote communication, education and patient safety (Johnson et al., 2012). Consequently, the American health care system seeks to implement electronic health records entirely (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2012). The resources accessed and used, and the information together with discussions with my classmates during this week has immensely heightened my apprehension of numerous elements of nursing and medical informatics. Before enrolment to this course, my conception of nursing informatics was a little limited. I initially thought that nursing informatics entailed using a computer at the nursing wards next to the patient’s bed while providing care to record information. While nurses persist to use computers to record information, I have realized that nursing informatics also avails unlimited access t o resources on patients and their families, themselves and fellow nurses (Matney et al., 2011).Over this week, I learnt that nursing informatics is deemed a subspecialty of healthcare informatics (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). Notably, I learnt that nursing informatics expedites the incorporation of data, knowledge and information to support patients, nurses and health care professionals in resolution making in their functions and fields of specialty (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). I learnt that nursing informatics involves computer science, information science and nursing science (Johnson et al., 2012). If anyone had asked me earlier then I would have told them that one only required computer skills to carry out informatics. During this week, I also learnt that nursing informatics is a specialized field that is essential in the speedily shifting healthcare delivery system (Johnson et al., 2012). I initially thought that nursing informatics was a luxury that nurses would use in the hea lth care system.ReferencesMcGonigle, D. & Mastrian, K. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett. American Association of Colleges of Nursing QSEN Consortium. (2012). Graduate-level QSEN competencies: Knowledge, skills and attitudes. Retrieved from aacn.nche.edu/faculty/qsen/competencies.pdf Johnson, J. E., Veneziano, T., Malast, T., Mastro, K., Moran, A., Mulligan, L., & Smith, A. L. (2012). Nursings future: Whats the message? Nursing Management, 43(7), 36–41. doi:10.1097/01.NUMA.0000415493.20578.f2 Click here to access this article Matney, S., Brewster, P. J., Sward, K. A.,Cloyes, K. G., & Staggers, N. (2011). Philosophical approaches to the nursing informatics data-information-knowledge-wisdom framework. Advances in Nursing Science, 34(1), 6–18.

Free Online Public Schools for Ohio Students, K-12

Free Online Public Schools for Ohio Students, K-12 Ohio offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. This list shows some no-cost online schools serving elementary and high school students in Ohio as of May 2017. In order to qualify for the list, schools met the following qualifications: classes available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be government funded. The virtual schools listed may be charter schools, statewide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. Ohio Connections Academy The mission of Ohio Connections Academy (OCA) is to partner â€Å"with families, students and educators to provide a high-quality and personalized online education that meets the individual needs of students and empowers them with the skills required for success in a changing world.† OCA offers a curriculum developed by leading education experts. Instructors have been deemed â€Å"highly qualified† by the state of Ohio. Ohio Connections Academy also prides itself on creating a well-rounded experience for students, with clubs and field trips, as well as personalized teacher-student attention. OCA maintains teaching centers in the Columbus, Cleveland, and Cincinnati areas. Ohio Virtual Academy The Ohio Virtual Academy (OVHA) uses the individualized K12 curriculum, which covers core subject areas and electives. Based on decades of research, K12 has been an established leader in online education throughout the United States, packaging curriculum with high-quality lessons and mastery-based assessments to ensure that students achieve success at every level. The supportive school community arranges enjoyable and helpful monthly get-togethers for students,  parents,  and staff to share their experiences.

The evaluation report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The evaluation report - Assignment Example From the analysis it is found that Landor has to incorporate a Design oriented work culture. Also it was found that Landor lacks an inclusive growth model. Landor can be rated very high in terms of brand equity. Similarly, Street Voice appeared to have a highly differentiating factor from others. But it lacks an inclusive growth model and expansion plan. Table of Contents Sl. No Topic Page No. 1 Introduction 3 - 5 2 Main Body 5 - 9 3 Analysis 9 - 13 Analysis of Landor using Four Powers of Design Management Analysis of Landor using DM Staircase Analysis of Street Voice using Four Powers of Design Management Analysis of Street Voice using DM Staircase 4 Conclusion 13 Introduction Design Management is a very comprehensive process for the success of any business organisation. â€Å"Simply put, design management is the business side of design.† (DMI, 2011) Design Management is an all encompassing term. It refers to the process of integration of strategies of the business to its eve ryday functioning for the benefit of creating better products or services. Therefore, to have a better design management in process in an organisation, a company should have a good business strategy, good product and production policy and a drive for continuous innovation. Thus it can be seen that design management is not a separate functional activity in an organisation. It is an activity that requires continuous attention and contribution of all the functional departments in an organisation. However, the ultimate authority for a better design management in an organisation lies with the top level executives or the chief strategists. Considering the growing importance of design management in the modern business management, most of the premium management institutes have introduced it as an important course of study. Design of a business can be classified mainly into three broad categories namely Strategic Design, Industrial Design and Service Design. (BDI, 2011) Strategic design comp rises of the vision and mission of a business. It lays out the framework for an organisation’s mode of operation. Industrial design is the area that involves policies regarding technology, engineering, branding and the like. Service design comprise of policies regarding people, infrastructure, public relations, etc. This report is intended to give an evaluation of design management in the present time with reference to two business organisations of different industries Landor Strategic Brand and Consulting Company and Street Voice Company of media industry. Landor is a company which was established in the year 1941. Landor is one of the major consulting companies in the world with a presence of more than 20 offices in 16 countries. (Landor.com, 2011) Landor is a specialised brand consultant and provides its services to all the big names in the industry as well as the emerging players. Therefore, Landor helps the clients with Industrial design of design management. Starbucks, Pepsico, Coca Cola, Apple, Adidas, etc are some of the clients of Landor. The core strategy of Landor is to provide services to businesses that are facing challenges with branding issues. As Landor is a brand consulting company, it hardly interacts with the ultimate consumers. But the services rendered by them are entirely based on the requirements of the ultimate cons

American Music Composers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

American Music Composers - Essay Example These learnings were then inculcated in the styles and forms apt to American culture and tradition to be able to compose "American classical music" (Sherrane 2007). This may be so, but the song and music heritage of the United States credits many American composers who have contributed to the musical history of the country. Among these composers is Charles Ives (1874-1954), hailed as the greatest American Composer by Time Magazine and Leonard Bernstein (Gutmann 2002). The History of American Classical Music is very rich and deep in its context. There are many contributors to American Classical music and they have indeed shaped what American music is today. These composers and musicians have worked hand in hand to establish music that has shaped how music is composed, played, performed, and listened to. The great American composers have sought to define music and contradict the form and style to be able to create new music that is apt for American culture and tradition. Born and raised in Danbury, Connecticut, Charles Edward Ives was a democrat who was described as fierce, optimistic, and idealistic in his ways of creating music that unified the voice of the American people with music derived from European classical music form and style (Swafford 1998). What emerged from the genius of Charles Ives was music that surpassed the expectations of man and his imagination. His music was in every essence bursting of American culture yet unique in its every note, tempo, and form. The primary influence and driving force of Charles Ives in his musical pursuit was his father, George, who was then leader of the Danbury Village Band. At five years old, he was found by his father drumming his fists on the piano and was hence given drum lessons (Swafford 1998). It was also his father from whom he received his first lessons in piano and other instruments. Until the maturation of his musical career, Charles Ives was infamous for "requiring a board to play the Concord Sonata" (Swafford 1998). This lead to what is now called the "tone clusters" (Swafford 1998). His interest in bi-tonal forms, polyrhythms and quotations was as well instilled by his father (G. Schirmer Inc. 2006). As his father loved exploring acoustics, dissonance, happenstance, and counterpoint, Ives was raised with an inquiring and transcendental approach to music (Gutmann 2002). As George Ives would always then say to him: "Don't pay too much attention to the sounds--for if you do, you may miss the music. You won't get a wild, heroic ride to heaven on pretty little sounds", Charles Ives sought to capture the emotion, the story, and the spirituality of life using music (Swafford 1998). Ives was thus driven to search for that heroic ride to heaven. What resulted from this was his creation of music so radical and original in its technique and style that it was surprisingly complex and very tricky to perform. In 1893, Ives left Danbury to study in Yale, New Haven. There, he underwent training under the supervision of Horation Parker, who was then famous for his high-Victorian oratorio Hora Novissima (Swafford 1998). It was in Yale that Ives created his First Symphony and First String Quartet, that he later subtitled "From the Salvation Army" in an attempt at a joke (Swafford 1998). It was during these four years in Yale that he got a better grasp of large scale forms, and his works then revealed a developing maturity

Hamlet vs Agamemnon Tragedy Essay Example for Free

Hamlet vs Agamemnon Tragedy Essay Hamlet and Agamemnon are two extraordinary and timeless plays. Both plays deal with the big themes of love, loss, pride, the abuse of power and the fraught relationships between men and gods. Hamlet and Agamemnon, the protagonist of the plays that were named after them, are two tragic heroes that commit some terrible crime without realizing how foolish and arrogant they have been. Both protagonist are of higher status, and have power. However, Hamlet is more tragic than Agamemnon, for several reasons. Hamlet is a good, kind men. He is the Prince of Denmark and loved by the Danish people. Unfortunately for him, his beloved father, King Hamlet, dies. Hamlet loves his father very much, and he is deeply hurt when his dad passed away. He is even more shocked and hurt by the fact that his mother, Queen Gertrude, marries his uncle, Claudius, shortly after her husband died. Prince Hamlet sees and has a conversation with his father’s ghost. He learns that the King of Denmark was murdered by his brother, Claudius. Hamlet swears to avenge his father, and he starts to play mad so he can gather evidence and put his plan in motion. At first, he is not completely sure that the ghost was his father, and he tries to get confirmation by inviting King Claudius and Queen Gertrude to a play based on what the ghost had told him. After he is convinced that his father was murdered, he plans to kill Claudius. Hamlet is not very eager to kill his uncle, he is not happy about the situation, and he does not act fast. Agamemnon is completely different than Hamlet. He rapes Clytemnestra and murders her husband. King Agamemnon did not stop there. After he marries Clytemnestra, he sacrifices their youngest daughter, Iphigenia, to gain favourable winds to take the Greek fleet to Troy. King Agamemnon seems to be more like King Claudius. Both of them killed the rightful King, took his wife, and killed or planned to kill the Queen’s child. Agamemnon kills his daughter, Claudius plots to kill Hamlet at least twice. Agamemnon is popular, and appreciated for his battles skills and victories. He doesn’t seem to care much about other persons and values, other than his power, battles victories, and the public’s adoration. Hamlet killes Polonius when he was talking with his mother after the play. Polonius was hiding, and ears dropping for the King. When Gertrude thought that Hamlet wants to attack her, she yelled for help, and Polonius  responded, calling for help from behind the arras. In an unusual moment of spontaneous action, Hamlet stabs the concealed figure, believing it to be Claudius. The death of Polonius cased great suffering to Ophelia, his daughter. She gets a little bit mad, singing nonsense about death and sex, and ends up drowning herself. Laertes, Polonius’s son, wants justice for his father, and becomes another potential revenge hero, but unlike Hamlet, he is more determined. He doesn’t care about the spiritual part of death like Hamlet. King Claudius adds fuel to the fire, and convinced Laertes to kill Hamlet in a duel. Laertes tells Claudius that he will poisoned the tip of the blade, to kill Hamlet. Claudius promised to poison the wine in case Laertes fails to scratch Hamlet with his sword. Hamlet is not aware of this plot, and accepts Claudius’s offer to fight Laertes. During the fight, there is a switch of rapiers, resulting in both Hamlet and Laertes being stabbed with the poisoned blade. Gertrude, meanwhile, mistakenly drinks the poisoned wine. She dies and Hamlet demands that they seek out the treachery that killed her. Laertes, realizing that he and Hamlet are both dying, explains everything and blames Claudius. Hamlet kills Claudius with the poisoned sword, finally fulfilling his quest for revenge. Laertes begs Hamlet to exchange forgiveness with him and dies. Hamlet forgives Laertes. Horatio wants to drink from the poisoned wine, so he can die with Hamlet, but he is stopped by the Prince. Hamlet tells Horatio that he must live in this horrible world so he can tell Hamlet’s story. Lord Hamlet announces that Fortinbras, Prince of Norway, will be the next king of Denmark and dies. Despite the fact that in the end, Prince Hamlet, Laertes, King Claudius, Queen Gertrude, and Ophilia died, the order in the kingdom is restored. Clytemnestra is the one seeking revenge in Agamemnon. During Agamemnon’s ten year absence, Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegistheus, planned to murder Agamemnon on his return. Clytemnestra wants revenge for her daughter, Iphegenia. When Agamemnon comes back, he brings with him, as concubine and slave, the ravished Trojan Princess, Cassandra. Cassandra has the gift of prophecy, but nobody believes her, thanks to Apollo’s curse. She sees the Clytemnestra plans to kill both Agamemnon and Cassandra, but the Chorus do not believe her . Princess Cassandra prays for a quick death, a wish that would be granted. Agamemnon commits hubris. He agrees to walk on the ‘red carpet’ that has been rolled out for him by his wife, even though he  mentions it is treatment meant only for the gods. Clytemnestra preparing her husband for a bath, put on him a bath-robe she had cunningly sewn to be a strait jacket. Wearing this, Agamemnon was completely helpless. His wife butchered and buried him without honours. She does the same to Cassandra. In Hamlet, King Claudius dies, King Hamlet finds peace, and Denmark gets rid of a bad king. Hamlet is buried like a soldier, having a military funeral. In a way, in Hamlet, Laertes commits hubris as well. He dares damnation and he mentions he would kill his father’s murderer in a church. Since both Laertes and Agamemnon commit hubris, both of them die shortly after, which is the element of nemesis in tragedy. Hamartia element, a tragic error, can be seen in Agamemnon when Agamemnon enters the house with Cassandra, trusting that Clytemnestra (his wife) is in fact happy to see him. Similarly in Hamlet, Hamlet agrees to duel with Laertes, not knowing that he is going to die by Laertes hand. Hamlet was a kind and honorable person. While he wanted revenge for his father, in a way he was right to do so. He did not wanted and enjoyed the idea of killing Claudius, but he pulled himself together at the last minute, right before he died. King Claudius was guilty of murdering a King, stealing a Kingdom, a Queen, and planning the murder of Prince Hamlet. Hamlet played for his revenge with his life. Since he was buried as a soldier, and the order was restored in Denmark, the Danish people did not hate him for his sins. Also, in Hamlet, we have more death on stage. Innocent people died, like Ophelia and Polonius. Agamemnon is completely different. He raped, he killed in cold blood, he sacrificed his own daughter to win a war, and he committed hubris, and took hostage the Princess of Troy. His wife, while she might be right in a way to avenge her daughter, she was looking forward to the task of killing Agamemnon and she also killed Cassandra, even thou she was innocent. Clytemnestra and he lover, wanted to be in power and had no remorse. Hamlet is more tragic than Agamemnon, because of the innocence and remorse the major characters showed.

Comparing the Movies Wall Street and Boiler Room Essay -- Film Compare

Comparing the Movies 'Wall Street' and 'Boiler Room' Profit, profit and more profit - the golden pillars of capitalism. In the movies 'Wall Street' and 'Boiler Room' this is the ideology that the characters uphold. While, there are many variances in the two movies, the basic aim of both lead characters i.e. Gordan Gekko (Wall Street) and Seth Davis (Boiler Room) is to make money. Both men are stockbrokers who deal in high finance in the exclusive world of Wall Street. However, with both movies are set in different decades the way they go about doing so differs. 'Wall Street' is set in the 'roaring eighties' - a decade that has become synonymous with greed, the so-called era of plenty. With an economy just recovering from recession, as well as oil crises (which incidentally led to higher gas prices, that in turn led to the introduction of a nationwide speed limit in America). The eighties was the time that Regan took office and instituted his economic policies that were to pull America out of the recession and resuscitate its economy. His approach, known as 'Reganomics' - did in...

Macbeth Apperance vs Reality Essay

The world is governed more by appearances than by realities. Throughout society people are judged based on their appearance. This is unfortunate because appearance can be deceiving. In William Shakespeare’s play Macbeth appearances are not what they seem. Some people may change because they think that their true self does not fit in society while others pretend to be something they are not. In the theme of appearance versus reality Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have an image but as the time passes by their true personalities began to show. Macbeth portrays himself differently from his true inner self. He pretends to be a strong and intelligent person but from inside he is weak and indecisive. When Macbeth first confronts the witches’ prophecies he says, â€Å"Come what may, time and the hour runs through the roughest day† (1. 3. 152-153). Macbeth is leaving his future to ‘chance’. He wants to appear noble and strong but in the end he refutes his statement by killing Duncan and Banquo to get to the throne. Also, when Lady Macbeth explains the plan to Macbeth he asks â€Å"If we should fail? † (1. 7. 59). He is still afraid of the consequences of his actions. His actions look pungent but he does not have any reason to kill Duncan. Macbeth has a debate within himself to murder King Duncan or to spare his life. Macbeth hesitation to kill Duncan proves in realty he is a weak man. Lady Macbeth represents herself as a beautiful and powerful woman in society but she is as weak as her husband Macbeth. To convince Macbeth to follow the plan she says â€Å"I have given suck, and know how tender ’tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn† (1. 7. 54-58). Macbeth asks for her help, but she responds by being harsh to him to keep up her appearances. Even when Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost, instead of helping him, she tells him to go to bed and stop imagining weird things. Lady Macbeth appears heartless toward others. However, one night a gentlewomen and a doctor see her sleep waking and mumbling â€Å"Out, damned spot! Out, I say! † (5. 1. 25). She appears to be wide awake but she is unconsciously revealing her true self. Her guilty conscious leads to her downfall through suicide. In this scene her appearance crumbles. She seemed powerful and unsympathetic, but in reality her guilt of Duncan’s murder driver her crazy proving she has become weak. In Macbeth the theme of appearance versus reality is shown through the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. They both revealed a fictitious picture of their personality even though on the inside they are different people. Macbeth’s indecisive personality leads to his destruction. The iron lady, Lady Macbeth appears to be a tough woman, who feels no guilt. But in the ending she shatters to pieces because of her guilt-ridden conscious. No matter what one appears to be reality will defeat appearance. People can put disguise on reality for time being but in the end truth reveals itself.

Greece s Economic Impact On The Global Economy - 1221 Words

Developed-market economies have been improving incrementally. After going through a soft patch in the first quarter, the U.S. has regained its momentum in job creation, although the quality of those jobs is open to debate. Europe has turned a corner, with GDP expanding modestly and deflation subsiding. Japan is also experiencing a notable uptick in economic activity. Emerging markets, on the other hand, are going through what the World Bank has called a structural slowdown. This is likely to last for years as a result of a variety of factors including lower commodity prices and a falloff in global trade following the global financial crisis. India appears to be one of the few exceptions, with a first-quarter growth rate that has exceeded†¦show more content†¦A prolonged bear market could slow it further, and that would affect the global economy negatively. While we are in the midst of a recovery, it remains in the context of a high-risk, slow-growth world. Government debt as a percentage of GDP has risen substantially since the financial crisis and is acting as a drag on economies. Ultimately, growth in real GDP depends on growth in the workforce and growth in productivity; neither appears promising. Given that backdrop, the portfolio remains invested in companies that have proven that they can grow their free cash flow, even in a tepid economic environment, and have a disciplined approach to allocating cash that will create value for shareholders. Positioning Epoch’s highest conviction ideas continue to be centered on companies where they have a significant degree of confidence in the business and identify ‘quality visible growth.’ Epoch remains focused on companies with strong cash flows supported by secular growth – in areas such as, productivity-enhancing technology and companies which will benefit from the proliferation of smart devices (the internet of things); commercial aerospace which will benefit from visible growth in emerging markets and a robust replacement cycle in developed markets; financial companies with improved capital positions and greater cash flow visibility; and companies which will